Christian Cyclopedia

Concordances, Bible.
Books containing words of the Bible in alphabetic order, with their context usually given, and references by
Definition: chapter
chap.
and verse. The 1st concordances were of the Vulgate; tradition ascribes the 1st, Concordantiae morales, to
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Anthony* of Padua
;
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Hugh* of
Definition: Saint; Street
St.
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Cher
prepared an authentic concordance reputedly with the aid of 500 monks; other concordances to the Vulgate include F. P. Dutripon, Concordantiae bibliorum sacrorum (Paris, 1838;
Definition: revise(d); revision; reviser
rev.
G. Tonini 1861; 7th
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
ed.
1880). The 1st
Definition: Hebrew
Heb.
concordance, Meor Natib (“Light of the Way”), was completed by Isaac (or Mordecai) Nathan
Definition: circa; about
ca.
the middle of the 15th
Definition: century (pl. abbr. cents. or c.); copyright
c.
(
Definition: publish(er, -es, -ed, -ing); publication; public(ly)
pub.
Venice, 1524); other
Definition: Hebrew
Heb.
concordances include S. Mandelkern, Veteris Testamenti concordantiae Hebraicae atque Chaldaicae, 2
Definition: volume
vols.
(Leipzig, 1896–1900), 3d
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
ed.
corrected and supplemented by Moshe Henry Goshen-Gottstein, 1
Definition: volume
vol.
(Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv, 1955); G. Lisowsky and L. Rost, Konkordanz zum hebräischen Alten Testament (Stuttgart, 1958). The 1st
Definition: Greek
Gk.
concordance to the
Definition: New Testament
NT
was that of the
Definition: Lutheran
Luth.
Sixt Birck (Xystus Betuleius; 1500–54) (Basel, 1546); the 2d was that of
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R. Estienne* I
and Henri Estienne II, Concordantiae Graeco-Latinae Testamenti Novi (Paris, 1594; 2d
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
ed.
1624);
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Erasmus Schmidt*
(Schmied), Tamieion (“Treasury”) (Wittenberg, 1638), was the basis of subsequent similar works; other concordances to the
Definition: Greek
Gk.
Definition: New Testament
NT
include W. F. Moulton and A. S. Geden, A Concordance to the Greek Testament (Edinburgh, 1897; 4th
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
ed.
1963 includes corrections by John F. Recks); O. Schmoller, Handkonkordanz zum griechischen Neuen Testament (Stuttgart, 1868; A. Schmoller
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
ed.
12th
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
ed.
1960); J. B. Smith, Greek-English Concordance to the New Testament (Scottdale, Pennsylvania, 1955). Konrad Kircher
Definition: publish(er, -es, -ed, -ing); publication; public(ly)
pub.
a concordance to the LXX (Frankfurt, 1607) with the
Definition: Hebrew
Heb.
words in alphabetic order; Abraham van der Trommen
Definition: publish(er, -es, -ed, -ing); publication; public(ly)
pub.
a concordance to the LXX (Utrecht, 1718) with the
Definition: Greek
Gk.
words in alphabetic order and with additional helps;
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E. Hatch*
and
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H. A. Redpath*
issued A Concordance to the Septuagint and the Other Greek Versions of the Old Testament (Including the Apocryphal Books), 3
Definition: volume
vols.
(Oxford, 1892–1906). The 1st large
Definition: German(y)
Ger.
concordance was by Conrad Bawr (
Definition: Latin
Lat.
Agricola) (Nürnberg, 1609); other
Definition: German(y)
Ger.
concordances include that of
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G. Büchner*
(Jena, 1750; many later
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
eds.
). The 1st concordance to the
Definition: New Testament
NT
in English was
Definition: publish(er, -es, -ed, -ing); publication; public(ly)
pub.
London
Definition: circa; about
ca.
1535 by Thomas Gybson; the 1st
Definition: England; English
Eng.
concordance to the whole Bible was that of
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John Marbeck*
(London, 1550); Alexander Cruden's concordance to the whole
Definition: England; English
Eng.
Bible, completed 1737 (
Definition: publish(er, -es, -ed, -ing); publication; public(ly)
pub.
London, 1738), was remarkably accurate and has been improved in its many
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
eds.
chiefly by addition of new features (
Definition: Lat. exempli gratia, for example
e.g.
,
Definition: Greek
Gk.
and
Definition: Hebrew
Heb.
); other
Definition: England; English
Eng.
concordances include J. B. R. Walker, The Comprehensive Concordance to the Holy Scriptures (Boston, 1894; reissued repeatedly); J. Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (copyrighted 1890, but 1st
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
ed.
New York, 1894; 25th
Definition: printed; printing; printer
print.
1963); R. Young, Analytical Concordance to the Bible (Edinburgh, 1879; many later
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
eds.
); Nelson's Complete Concordance of the Revised Standard Version Bible (New York, 1957); Concordance to the New English Bible: New Testament,
Definition: compile(d); compiler
comp.
E.G. Elder (London, 1964; Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1965).
Readers who lack knowledge of
Definition: Greek
Gk.
and
Definition: Hebrew
Heb.
but desire to know the meaning of the original underlying a given
Definition: England; English
Eng.
word will find a list of concordances designed for that purpose with guidance in their use in F. Danker, Multipurpose Tools for Bible Study, 2d
Definition: edit(ed); edition; editor(ial); editing
ed.
(
Definition: Saint; Street
St.
Louis, 1966). For a detailed list of older concordances see “Concordance,” J. M'Clintock and J. Strong, Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, II (New York, 1894), 454–456. EL, FWD

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