Christian Cyclopedia

1. Captivity of Jews in Babylon (2 K 24:14–16; 25:11; 2 Ch 36:22–23; Ez 1:1–4; Jer 25:11–12; 29:10; Dn 9:2; Zch 1:12; 7:5).

2. Metaphorically, period of popes at Avignon,* 1309–77 (Clement* V, John XXII, Benedict XII, Clement VI. Innocent VI, Urban V, Gregory XI). After papal court was returned to Rome, antipopes Clement* VII and Benedict XIII occupied Avignon. See also Benedict XIII, 1; Christian Church, History of the, II 3; Nicholas V (antipope); Popes, 13, 14.

3. Used metaphorically by Luther for subservience of ch. to Rome and abuses connected with the Massachusetts. See also Luther, Chief Writings of, 4; Luther, Controversies of, c.